Many factors can affect a person’s balance, ranging from physical conditions to environmental influences. Here's a breakdown of the key categories:
🧠 Neurological Factors
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Inner ear (vestibular system) disorders – e.g., vertigo, Ménière’s disease, labyrinthitis
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Brain injuries – stroke, traumatic brain injury, tumors
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Multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease
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Peripheral neuropathy – often caused by diabetes
💪 Musculoskeletal Factors
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Muscle weakness – especially in the legs and core
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Joint problems – arthritis, stiffness, or joint replacements
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Poor posture or spinal issues
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Lack of flexibility
👁️ Sensory Input Issues
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Vision problems – poor eyesight, cataracts, or depth perception issues
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Impaired proprioception – the body's sense of its position in space
💊 Medications & Substances
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Sedatives or tranquilizers
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Blood pressure medications – may cause dizziness or lightheadedness
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Alcohol or drug use
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Medication side effects or interactions
🧍♂️ Health Conditions
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Low blood pressure (hypotension) – can cause dizziness when standing
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Dehydration
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Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
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Anemia
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Ear infections
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Chronic illnesses – like diabetes or cardiovascular disease
👣 Environmental & Situational Factors
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Uneven or slippery surfaces
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Poor lighting
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Improper footwear
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Sudden position changes – like getting up too quickly
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Fatigue
🎂 Age-Related Changes
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Natural decline in muscle strength, vision, coordination, and vestibular function
Would you like a checklist or infographic-style summary for a specific audience (e.g., seniors, athletes, medical)?
